Which central agency manages the health care delivery system in the United States?
Fourth Edition, 2008 ISBN-13: 9780763745127, ISBN-l 0:076374512X HCA 501 Health Care in America Text: Delivering Health Care in America Authors: Leiyu Shi and Douglas A. [http://www.bezern.com/] Singh Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet) 1. [http://www.bezern.com/] When providers deliver unnecessary services with the objective of protecting themselves against lawsuits, this practice is called a. [http://www.bezern.com/] defensive medicine b. [http://www.bezern.com/] supplier-induced demand c. [http://www.bezern.com/] primary protection d. [http://www.bezern.com/] legal risk 2. [http://www.bezern.com/] Reimbursement is associated with which of the quad functions? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Financing b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Insurance c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Delivery d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Payment 3. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which central agency manages the health care delivery system in the United States? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Department of Health and Human Services c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Department of Commerce d. [http://www.bezern.com/]None 4. [http://www.bezern.com/] National health care programs in other countries often use which of the fOllOWing mechanism to control total health care expenditures? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Third parties b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Capitation c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Global budgets d. [http://www.bezern.com/] A single-payer system 5. [http://www.bezern.com/] In the United States, who does not generally have access to basic and routine medical services? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] People who need catastrophic care b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Those eligible only for public programs c. [http://www.bezern.com/] The uninsured d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Those without private health insurance e. [http://www.bezern.com/] 6 . [http://www.bezern.com/]Which country utilizes socialized health insurance for employees? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Germany b. [http://www.bezern.com/] United States c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Great Britain d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Australia 7. [http://www.bezern.com/] All of the following are main elements of the systems framework EXCEPT: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] system inputs b. [http://www.bezern.com/] system foundations c. [http://www.bezern.com/] system structure d. [http://www.bezern.com/] system processes 8. [http://www.bezern.com/] Deontology asserts: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] That no one has a duty to do what is right b. [http://www.bezern.com/] That it is society’s duty to do what is right c. [http://www.bezern.com/] That it is an individual’s duty to do what is right d. [http://www.bezern.com/] None of the above 9. [http://www.bezern.com/] Utilitarianism emphasizes: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Happiness and welfare for the poor b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Happiness and welfare for the deserving c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Happiness and welfare for the rich d. [http://www.bezern.com/] nappmess ana welfare for the masses 10. [http://www.bezern.com/] Supply-side rationing is also referred to as: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Nonprice rationing b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Price rationing c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Both a and b d. [http://www.bezern.com/] None of the above f. [http://www.bezern.com/] 11. [http://www.bezern.com/] Prevalence is: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] The total number of cases at a specific point in time divided by the specified population b. [http://www.bezern.com/] The total number of cases at a wide range in time divided by the specified population c. [http://www.bezern.com/] The number of new cases occurring during a specified period divided by the total population d. [http://www.bezern.com/] The number of new cases occurring during a specified period divided by the population at risk 12. [http://www.bezern.com/] The limitations of market justice include: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Social problems are not adequately addressed b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Society is not always protected from the consequences of ill health c. [http://www.bezern.com/] It leads to inequitable access to health care d. [http://www.bezern.com/] All of the above 13. [http://www.bezern.com/] Crude rates refer to: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] A specific age group b. [http://www.bezern.com/] The total population c. [http://www.bezern.com/] A specific gender d. [http://www.bezern.com/] None of the above 14. [http://www.bezern.com/] Holistic health adds which element to the World Health Organization definition of health? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Physical b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Mental c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Social d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Spiritual 15. [http://www.bezern.com/] All of the following were factors explaining why the medical profession remained largely an insignificant trade in preindustrial America EXCEPT: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Medical practice was in disarray b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Medical procedures were primitive c. [http://www.bezern.com/] High demand for prescription drugs d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Demand was unstable g. [http://www.bezern.com/] 16. [http://www.bezern.com/]The American system for delivering health care took its current shape during this period: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Preindustrial b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Postindustrial c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Twentieth century d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 17. [http://www.bezern.com/] Today, are the leading cause of illness, disability, and death in the US. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] typhoid b. [http://www.bezern.com/] chronic conditions c. [http://www.bezern.com/] acute illness d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 18. [http://www.bezern.com/] This group was primarily responsible for leading the successful drive for workers’ compensation. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Internal Revenue Code b. [http://www.bezern.com/] American Medical Association c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Blue Cross d. [http://www.bezern.com/] the American Association of Labor Legislation 19. [http://www.bezern.com/] Capitation is: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] integration of telecommunications in healthcare b. [http://www.bezern.com/] umbrella fund for everyone C. [http://www.bezern.com/] flat rate per worker per month d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 20. [http://www.bezern.com/] All of the following are modes of economic interrelationships EXCEPT: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] use of advanced telecommunictions infrastructures in medicine b. [http://www.bezern.com/] health professionals remain in the United States c. [http://www.bezern.com/] consumers travel abroad to receive medical care d. [http://www.bezern.com/] foreign direct investment in health services enterprises h. [http://www.bezern.com/] 21. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is an example of health care delivery existing due to social and political needs: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Medicaid b. [http://www.bezern.com/] State Children’s Health Insurance Program c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Multispecialty centers d. [http://www.bezern.com/]None of the above. [http://www.bezern.com/] 22. [http://www.bezern.com/] All states require this to be licensed in order to practice. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is a requirement needed to be licensed? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] graduation from an accredited medical school that awards a Doctor of Medicine b. [http://www.bezern.com/] score of 85 on board exam c. [http://www.bezern.com/] enrollment in internship program d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 23. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is a main difference between primary care and specialty care? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] primary care follows specialty care b. [http://www.bezern.com/] primary care focuses on disease while specialty care focuses on the whole person c. [http://www.bezern.com/] primary care is longitudinal and specialty care is episodic d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 24. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the principal source offunding for graduate medical education? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Medicare b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Private corporations c. [http://www.bezern.com/] International companies d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above. [http://www.bezern.com/] 25. [http://www.bezern.com/] Why are physicians most likely to concentrate in metropolitan and suburban areas? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] better opportunities for high income b. [http://www.bezern.com/] greater access to modern facilities and technology c. [http://www.bezern.com/] cultural diversity d. [http://www.bezern.com/] All of the above i. [http://www.bezern.com/] 26. [http://www.bezern.com/] Dental do not have to be licensed. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] hyqientists b. [http://www.bezern.com/] pediatrics c. [http://www.bezern.com/] assistants d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 27. [http://www.bezern.com/] This act authorizes a variety of grants and scholarships to keep nurses in the field: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] American Nursing Association Act b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Reimbursement Act c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Nurse Reinvestment Act of 2002 d. [http://www.bezern.com/] None of the above 28. [http://www.bezern.com/] Who is responsible for operational, clinical and financial outcomes of organizations that deliver health services? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Health Service Administrators b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Allied Health Professionals c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Physical Therapists d. [http://www.bezern.com/] None of the above 29. [http://www.bezern.com/] This made additional resources available to the FDA, and resulted in a shortened approval process for new drugs. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendments, 1962 b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act, 1997 c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Orphan Drug Act, 1983 d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Prescription Drug User Fee Act, 1992 30. [http://www.bezern.com/] What was the purpose of certificate of need (CON) laws? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Monitor the diffusion of new technology b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Control the flow of federal funds for private projects c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Control new health service programs d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Control new construction and modernization projects j. [http://www.bezern.com/] 31. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which area of personal health expenditures has seen the greatest rise in recent years? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Long-term care b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Hospital food c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Prescription drugs d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Durable bathroom equipment 32. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the role of an Institutional Review Board (lRB)? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Establish guidelines for the method of conducting research b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Verify the results of clinical trials c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Approve and monitor research that involves human subjects d. [http://www.bezern.com/] All of the above 33. [http://www.bezern.com/] Generally, at the start of medical treatment a. [http://www.bezern.com/] benefits exceed costs b. [http://www.bezern.com/] cost-efficiency is minimum c. [http://www.bezern.com/] costs exceed benefits d. [http://www.bezern.com/] safety is not a major concern 34 . [http://www.bezern.com/]. [http://www.bezern.com/] Health technology assessment in the US is conducted primarily by a. [http://www.bezern.com/] various government agencies b. [http://www.bezern.com/] the NIH c. [http://www.bezern.com/] the FDA d. [http://www.bezern.com/] the private sector 35. [http://www.bezern.com/] According to the Institute of Medicine, the rise in prescription drug costs is mainly attributed to a. [http://www.bezern.com/] price inflation b. [http://www.bezern.com/] increased use of existing drugs c. [http://www.bezern.com/] research and development costs d. [http://www.bezern.com/] replacement of older drugs by newer ones 36. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the main factor that determines the level of demand for health services in the US health care delivery system? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] finances b. [http://www.bezern.com/] insurance e. [http://www.bezern.com/] health services d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 37. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle that underlies the concept of insurance? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Risk is unpredictable for the individual insured. [http://www.bezern.com/] b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Risk can be predicted with a reasonable degree of accuracy for a group. [http://www.bezern.com/] c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Insurance provides a mechanism for transferring risk from the group to the individual. [http://www.bezern.com/] d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Actual losses are shared on some equitable basis by all member of the insured group. [http://www.bezern.com/] 38. [http://www.bezern.com/] Most Americans obtain health insurance coverage through: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] individual plans b. [http://www.bezern.com/] employer-sponsored programs e. [http://www.bezern.com/] self-insurance d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above. [http://www.bezern.com/] 39. [http://www.bezern.com/] The Medicare program finances medical care for: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] persons 65 years and older b. [http://www.bezern.com/] disabled individuals who are entitled to social security benefits e. [http://www.bezern.com/] people who have end-stage renal disease. [http://www.bezern.com/] d. [http://www.bezern.com/] All of the above 40. [http://www.bezern.com/] Who is eligible for Medicaid? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Children and pregnant women whose family income is at or below 133 percent of the Federal Poverty Level. [http://www.bezern.com/] b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Families with children e. [http://www.bezern.com/] The elderly d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above k. [http://www.bezern.com/] 41. [http://www.bezern.com/] How does workers’ compensation differ from regular health insurance? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] it becomes supplemental coverage for eligible employees b. [http://www.bezern.com/] employers are required by law to bear the full cost of the benefits c. [http://www.bezern.com/] it is regionally managed d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 42. [http://www.bezern.com/] This Act authorized by Congress supports “safety net” hospitals in inner cities and rural ares. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Indian Reconciliation Act of 1989 c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Cost Plus Act of 1992 d. [http://www.bezern.com/] None of the above 43. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the point of entry into the health services system? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] specialization b. [http://www.bezern.com/] primary care c. [http://www.bezern.com/] coordination of care d. [http://www.bezern.com/] essential care 44. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which factor has NOT contributed to the increase in outpatient care? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] reimbursement b. [http://www.bezern.com/] technological c. [http://www.bezern.com/] family d. [http://www.bezern.com/] social 45. [http://www.bezern.com/] are the backbone of ambulatory care and constitute the majority of primary care. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] home health care b. [http://www.bezern.com/] hospice services c. [http://www.bezern.com/] physicians as office-based practitioners d. [http://www.bezern.com/] alternative medicine l. [http://www.bezern.com/] 46. [http://www.bezern.com/] Hospice services include: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] pain management b. [http://www.bezern.com/] psycholsocial support c. [http://www.bezern.com/] spiritual support d. [http://www.bezern.com/] all of the above 47. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is a characteristic of a free clinic? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] services are provided at no charge or nominal charge b. [http://www.bezern.com/] they are not directly supported by government agencies c. [http://www.bezern.com/] services are delivered mainly by volunteer trained staff d. [http://www.bezern.com/] all of the above. [http://www.bezern.com/] 48. [http://www.bezern.com/] are regarded as nontraditional and include a wide range of treatments. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] complementary medicine b. [http://www.bezern.com/] alternative medicine (alternative therapies) c. [http://www.bezern.com/] material medicine d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above In the above question… answer should be alternative therapies. [http://www.bezern.com/]. [http://www.bezern.com/] as the same option is not mentioned I have selected Option D. [http://www.bezern.com/] 49. [http://www.bezern.com/] In 2004, what type of office visits were visited the most? a, physicians in general and family practice b. [http://www.bezern.com/] physicians in specialty services c. [http://www.bezern.com/] physicians in internal medicine d. [http://www.bezern.com/] physicians in gynecology 50. [http://www.bezern.com/] ALOS is an indicator of a. [http://www.bezern.com/] use of hospital capacity b. [http://www.bezern.com/] frequency of use c. [http://www.bezern.com/] severity of illness d. [http://www.bezern.com/] access m. [http://www.bezern.com/] 51. [http://www.bezern.com/] What financial benefit does a small rural hospital reap by qualifying for the designation, Critical Access Hospital? a. [http://www.bezern.com/]lt can receive specific federal grants for serving vulnerable populations b. [http://www.bezern.com/] It can use its beds for either acute care or long-term care as needed c. [http://www.bezern.com/] It can increase its profitability by receiving special payments for emergency services d. [http://www.bezern.com/] It can receive cost-plus reimbursement under Medicare Part A 52. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which principle of ethics requires caregivers to involve the patient in medical decision making? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Paternalism b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Fidelity c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Beneficence d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Autonomy 53. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the main drawback of a living will? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] It cannot cover all possible situations b. [http://www.bezern.com/] The patient’s agent may not act in the patient’s best interest c. [http://www.bezern.com/] The person formulating a living will must have a court appointed guardian d. [http://www.bezern.com/] It becomes invalid when the patient becomes incompetent 54. [http://www.bezern.com/] To participate in Medicare and Medicaid, a health care facility must be a. [http://www.bezern.com/] conditioned b. [http://www.bezern.com/] accredited c. [http://www.bezern.com/] certified d. [http://www.bezern.com/]licensed 55. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which entity oversees the licensure of health care facilities? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] The Joint Commission b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Federal government c. [http://www.bezern.com/] State government d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Local county or city government n. [http://www.bezern.com/] 56. [http://www.bezern.com/] Institutional theory predicts that a. [http://www.bezern.com/] for-profit and nonprofit organizations will imitate each other when faced with similar regulatory and legal constraints b. [http://www.bezern.com/] as an enterprise increases in size, its unit overhead costs would decrease c. [http://www.bezern.com/] as a hospital increases in size, its economies of scale dissipate d. [http://www.bezern.com/] in competitive markets, both for-profit and nonprofit organizations would deliver certain essential community benefits 57. [http://www.bezern.com/] Under this method, a primary care physician decides whether or not to refer a patient to a specialist. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Preauthorization b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Prospective utilization review c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Disease management d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Closed-panel utilization 58. [http://www.bezern.com/] When an MCO adopts capitation as the primary method of payment, which service is likely to be carved out? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Surgery b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Gatekeeping c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Mental health d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Primary care 59. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which HMO model is likely to require heavy capital outlays to expand into new markets? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Staff model b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Group model c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Network model d. [http://www.bezern.com/]IPA model 60. [http://www.bezern.com/] PPOs were created by __ in response to HMOs’ growing market share. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] physicians b. [http://www.bezern.com/] insurance companies c. [http://www.bezern.com/] hospitals d. [http://www.bezern.com/] independent contractors o. [http://www.bezern.com/] 61. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which of these organizations was specifically created to bring management expertise to physician group practices? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Virtual organizations b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Physician-hospital organizations c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Provider-sponsored organizations d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Management services organizations 62. [http://www.bezern.com/] Where two organizations cease to exist, and a new corporation is formed: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Acquisition b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Merger c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Joint venture d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Alliance 63. [http://www.bezern.com/] Regional health systems are often: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] horizontally integrated b. [http://www.bezern.com/] vertically integrated c. [http://www.bezern.com/] formed into virtual organizations d. [http://www.bezern.com/] formed into alliances 64. [http://www.bezern.com/] requires that any health care need is recognized, evaluated, and addressed. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] long-term care b. [http://www.bezern.com/] health care c. [http://www.bezern.com/] individual care d. [http://www.bezern.com/] total care 65. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the primary goal of long-term care? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] help patients with increased pain b. [http://www.bezern.com/] cure deadly diseases c. [http://www.bezern.com/] preventing institutionalization d. [http://www.bezern.com/] providing socialization p. [http://www.bezern.com/] 66. [http://www.bezern.com/] This type of clinical category for long-term care is non-medical care provided to support and requires no active medical treatments. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] personal care b. [http://www.bezern.com/] nursing care c. [http://www.bezern.com/] custodial care d. [http://www.bezern.com/] subacute care 67. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the most common cause of of mental retardation in America? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Down’s syndrome b. [http://www.bezern.com/] autism c. [http://www.bezern.com/] spina bifida d. [http://www.bezern.com/] epilepsy 68. [http://www.bezern.com/] The prevalence of HIV in the population has: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] increased b. [http://www.bezern.com/] decreased c. [http://www.bezern.com/] stayed the same d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 69. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which law created two categories for nursing home certification purposes? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Nursing Home Reform Act b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Medical Advancement Act c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Nursing Home Alternatives Act d. [http://www.bezern.com/] None of the above 70. [http://www.bezern.com/] Who is the primary payer for health care services for the elderly? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Medicaid b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Medicare c. [http://www.bezern.com/] private insurance d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 71. [http://www.bezern.com/] What was the sixth leading cause of death for Hispanic males in 2003? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] heart disease b. [http://www.bezern.com/] malnutrition c. [http://www.bezern.com/] diabetes d. [http://www.bezern.com/] homicide 72. [http://www.bezern.com/] What factor has been found to be associated with the highest injury-related mortality reate among Indian children? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] cultural b. [http://www.bezern.com/] prenatal care c. [http://www.bezern.com/] social d. [http://www.bezern.com/] poverty 73. [http://www.bezern.com/] Most medically uninsured adults are employed but are not covered because: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] their employer does not offer health benefits b. [http://www.bezern.com/] they do not work enough hours to qualify for health benefits c. [http://www.bezern.com/] they cannot afford the premium d. [http://www.bezern.com/] all of the above. [http://www.bezern.com/] 74. [http://www.bezern.com/] Education and psychotherapy for children with HIV is an example of: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] heatlh-related support services b. [http://www.bezern.com/] population-based community health services c. [http://www.bezern.com/] personal medical and preventive services d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 75. [http://www.bezern.com/] Who is the principal user of the health care system? a. [http://www.bezern.com/]men b. [http://www.bezern.com/] children c. [http://www.bezern.com/] elderly d. [http://www.bezern.com/]women 76. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is defined as a”high-impact”area? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] areas with over 3,000 rural health clinics b. [http://www.bezern.com/] areas that serve at least 4,000 migrant workers for at least two months per year. [http://www.bezern.com/] c. [http://www.bezern.com/] areas that serve at least 12,000 community members per year d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above. [http://www.bezern.com/] e. [http://www.bezern.com/] 77. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which type of patient is most likely to experience disability and more severe medical illnesses? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] diabetic b. [http://www.bezern.com/] cancer c. [http://www.bezern.com/] depressed d. [http://www.bezern.com/] elderly 78. [http://www.bezern.com/] All of the following are factors effecting the growth in health spending EXCEPT: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] uninsured patients b. [http://www.bezern.com/] hospital services c. [http://www.bezern.com/] prescription drugs d. [http://www.bezern.com/] physician services 79. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is partly responsible for the surplus of specialists in the US? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] greater access to financial aid b. [http://www.bezern.com/] technology c. [http://www.bezern.com/] increased population d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 80. [http://www.bezern.com/] Defensive medicine leads to: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] decreased cesarean sections b. [http://www.bezern.com/] legal risks C. [http://www.bezern.com/] unnecessary tests and services d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 81. [http://www.bezern.com/] What was the most sweeping price-control initiative for Medicare? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Economic Stabilization Program b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Balanced Budget Act c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Omnibus Budge Reconciliation d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above f. [http://www.bezern.com/] 82. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is NOT an implication for access to health and health care delivery? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] access to medical care is one of the key determinants of health b. [http://www.bezern.com/] measures of access reflect changes across the board c. [http://www.bezern.com/] access is increasingly linked to quality of care d. [http://www.bezern.com/] access is a significant benchmark in assessing effectiveness 83. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which main type of access refers to the type, site, and purpose of health services? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] potential b. [http://www.bezern.com/] realized c. [http://www.bezern.com/] equitable d. [http://www.bezern.com/] inequitable 84. [http://www.bezern.com/] What do proponents believe regarding clinical practice guidelines? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] it reduces utilization b. [http://www.bezern.com/] decreases scientific research c. [http://www.bezern.com/] it promotes lower costs and better outcomes d. [http://www.bezern.com/] increases technology 85. [http://www.bezern.com/] When public policy pertains to or influences the pursuit of health they become: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] health policy b. [http://www.bezern.com/] population policy c. [http://www.bezern.com/] prevention policy d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 86. [http://www.bezern.com/] A problem associated with government involvement in US Health Is: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] escalating costs b. [http://www.bezern.com/] bureaucratic inflexibility c. [http://www.bezern.com/] excessive regulation d. [http://www.bezern.com/] all of the above q. [http://www.bezern.com/] 87. [http://www.bezern.com/] An insurance risk pool: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] helps people acquire private insurance otherwise unavailable b. [http://www.bezern.com/] helps insurance companies decrease their costs c. [http://www.bezern.com/] helps employers obtain insurance for their employees d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 88. [http://www.bezern.com/] All BUTwhich of the following presidents is mentioned in the text as contributing major changes in health policies: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] President Lyndon Johnson b. [http://www.bezern.com/] President John Kennedy c. [http://www.bezern.com/] President HarryTruman d. [http://www.bezern.com/] President Bill Clinton 89. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which branch of government is the most active in policymaking? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] executive b. [http://www.bezern.com/]judicial c. [http://www.bezern.com/] legistlative d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 90. [http://www.bezern.com/] Which group have policies been created to provide access to health care? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] elderly b. [http://www.bezern.com/] poor children c. [http://www.bezern.com/] poor adults d. [http://www.bezern.com/] all of the above 91. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the third main concern of health care policy? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] cost b. [http://www.bezern.com/] research c. [http://www.bezern.com/] qualify of care d. [http://www.bezern.com/] technology 92. [http://www.bezern.com/] The majority of employers currently offer: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] long-term plan b. [http://www.bezern.com/] defined benefit plan c. [http://www.bezern.com/] deductible health plan d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 93. [http://www.bezern.com/] The greatest challenge in insurance is: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] maintaining a balance between healthy and sick enrollees b. [http://www.bezern.com/] maintaining a balance between young and elder enrollees c. [http://www.bezern.com/] maintaining a balance between premium and nonpreminum enrollees d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 94. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is a disadvantage of managed competition? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] the medical infrastructure fluctuates b. [http://www.bezern.com/] increased government bureaucracy c. [http://www.bezern.com/] it cannot gurantee that everyone would have equal access to care d. [http://www.bezern.com/] all of the above 95. [http://www.bezern.com/] Infectious diseases and health care must be viewed from a____________perspective. [http://www.bezern.com/] a. [http://www.bezern.com/] cost b. [http://www.bezern.com/] cultural c. [http://www.bezern.com/] global d. [http://www.bezern.com/] multi-faceted 96. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is a strategy used to deal with nurse shortages? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] investments in training b. [http://www.bezern.com/] improvement in work environments c. [http://www.bezern.com/] opening new schools d. [http://www.bezern.com/] all of the above 97. [http://www.bezern.com/] What approach will be used in order to improve quality and productivity? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] collaborative team approach b. [http://www.bezern.com/] collaboration c. [http://www.bezern.com/] cross-training d. [http://www.bezern.com/] all of the above 98. [http://www.bezern.com/] What is the goal of evidence-based medicine? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] increase the amount of patients b. [http://www.bezern.com/] increase the availabilty of prescription medicine c. [http://www.bezern.com/] increase the value of medicine d. [http://www.bezern.com/] none of the above 99. [http://www.bezern.com/] What type of integration is represented by a chain of nursing homes? a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Vertical integration b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Network c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Horizontal integration d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Diversification 100. [http://www.bezern.com/] Where a new corporation created by two partnering organizations remains independent: a. [http://www.bezern.com/] Acquisition b. [http://www.bezern.com/] Merger c. [http://www.bezern.com/] Joint venture d. [http://www.bezern.com/] Alliance